Jacques Legrand (born June 29, 1946) is a French linguist and anthropologist. He specializes in Mongolian literature and history and the Mongolian language.
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Legrand was born on June 29, 1946 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine in western France.[1] From 1967 to 1968 he worked as a translator at the French embassies in Mongolia and China.[1] His return to France was followed closely by the establishment of the Mongolian language department at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (then Centre Universitaire des Langues Orientales Vivantes) in 1970.[1] He has been Professor of Mongolian Language and Literature there since 1989.[1] He was an independent contractor and lecturer from 1971 to 1977, and a lecturer and senior lecturer from 1977 to 1989.
Jacques Legrand has been president of INALCO since March 2005 for a term of 4 years. This mandate was renewed in March 2009 until March 2013.[1]
From 1981 to 1989, he taught French as a Foreign Language at the University in Rouen.[1] From 1986 to 1989, in the same context, he taught the civilization of East Asia at the university, focusing primarily on the cultures and history of Mongolia, China and Japan.[1]
Aside from his contributions to understanding Mongol language and literature, Legrand has conducted important research into the history of the Mongols, and anthropology of Mongolian pastoralism.[2] Legrand has studied Mongol life from the dawn of man, noting that the Neolithic saw the practice of agriculture, fishing and breeding, whilst the Bronze Age initiated an evolution in the direction of a more and more exclusive pastoralism in the Mongolian plains, creating some marked paradoxes as it evolved. He noted that the nomadic empires of the Asian steppes are "based on an essential contradiction", because although deriving from nomadic peoples' need for organization, these peoples did not have the resources to support an actual state.[2]
He has published numerous publications under the auspices of UNESCO,[3] and the Institute of International Studies and Nomadic Civilizations in Ulaanbaatar, which he chairs.[1] In total he has made at least 70 publications as of 2009.[1]
He also collaborated on numerous books, both research and popular, and on the film Urga , by Nikita Mikhalkov (1991).
On December 20, 2006, he visited Tamkang University (TKU) to discuss the possibility of academic exchange with French Department of Tamkang University and later visited the Carrie Chang Fine Arts Center and Chueh-sheng Memorial Library.[4]